The Impact and Risks of Zolpidem Use in Brazil

The medication zolpidem has become one of the most searched topics following reports of serious consequences associated with its improper consumption and the release of data on the substance's sales in the country. The discussion gains momentum with warnings from experts about the dangers of prolonged use without professional guidance to treat sleep disorders.

Sales growth and the public health warning

Anvisa data shows that sales of the medication jumped from 13.2 million boxes to nearly 22 million between 2018 and 2023. In November, the Brazilian Academy of Neurology published a warning turning the most popular insomnia drug into a public health issue in Brazil, highlighting the escalation of dependence and withdrawal crises associated with Z-drugs.

Stricter commercialization rules

To curb unregulated access, Anvisa adopted stricter rules for commercialization. The agency began requiring a Type B special control prescription, making access to the product more restricted in the country.

Frequent consumption among adults with insomnia

A Brazilian study evaluated adults with insomnia symptoms and pointed out that 60% of participants reported current use of sleeping pills. Among those who use them continuously, zolpidem was the most cited medication. The survey also revealed that a significant portion of users consume the product without a medical prescription.

Adverse effects and safe management

Launched in the 1990s as an alternative to benzodiazepines, Z-drugs can cause chemical dependence, withdrawal crises, and complex events. Among the reported adverse effects are sleepwalking, sleep-driving, and delusions, which reinforces the need for limited use and medical guidance.

With information from Folha de S.Paulo, Tribuna Hoje.